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NMN Demonstrates Potential Efficacy in a Glaucoma Model

by: GSHWORLD time: 2022-10-21 classify: Product News

 

High levels of eye pressure from diseases like glaucoma damage the nerve connecting the eye to the brain (optic nerve). Glaucoma can cause visual impairments, affecting approximately 3 million people in the US. While using eye drops, taking medicines, or having surgery can slow glaucoma’s progression, no cure currently exists. Rodent studies have shown that NMN protects the eye from retinal damage induced by light or detachment. However, no studies have examined how NMN affects eyes with pressure-induced damage, which occurs in diseases like glaucoma.

As published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Kurihara and colleagues from Keio University in Japan demonstrate that injecting 500 mg/kg/day of NMN prevents eye damage from pressure-induced retinal injury in mice. They show that NMN preserves retinal electrical activity by reducing inflammation and rescues retinal cells from death by decreasing oxidative stress. These findings suggest that NMN could preserve eye health in conditions of pressure-induced injury like glaucoma.

NMN Bars Retinal Cell Damage

To find whether NMN protects against pressure-induced eye injury, the Japanese research team injected a salt solution into the eyes of mice to increase pressure and cause damage. They then examined the retina’s electrical activity in response to flashes of light at varying intensity. It was found that NMN preserves the electrical activity of the inner layer of the retina, suggesting that NMN preserves retinal function in response to pressure-induced injury.

NMN preserves the retina’s electrical function
(Lee et al., 2022 | International Journal of Molecular SciencesNMN preserves the retina’s electrical function. Compared to mice with no eye-pressure induced injury (black), mice with eye-pressure injury (white) have reduced (*) electrical activity (amplitude of b-wave) in response to increasing light intensity (0.5-50). However, NMN treatment (gray) restores this electrical activty (#).

Since elevated inflammation has been associated with eye damage from diseases that raise eye pressure, the Keio University-based researchers looked at the accumulation of inflammatory cells. They found that these cells increased about 50-fold with pressure-induced damage, but NMN treatment substantially rever sed this inflammatory cell accumulation. These findings suggest that NMN could preserve the integrity of the retina by inhibiting the eye’s inflammatory response.

NMN prevents the buildup of inflammatory cells in the retina
(Lee et al., 2022 | International Journal of Molecular SciencesNMN prevents the buildup of inflammatory cells in the retina. Inflammatory cells (IB4-positive, marked by white asterisk) accumulate with eye-pressure damage (white), yet NMN drastically reduces their abundance (gray).

To verify that NMN provides anti-inflammatory benefits to preserve the retina, Kurihara and colleagues examined mouse retinal cells in laboratory dishes exposed to inflammation-inducing oxidative stress. They found that while oxidative stress correlates with high levels of cell death, NMN preserves the survival of retina cells. These findings provide evidence that NMN rescues retina cell death by warding off oxidative stress.

NMN rescues retinal cells from death in the face of oxidative stress
(Lee et al., 2022 | International Journal of Molecular SciencesNMN rescues retinal cells from death in the face of oxidative stress. Retinal cells treated with the chemical cobalt chloride (CoCl2,-) to induce oxidative stress undergo high levels (*) of cell death (TUNEL-positive cells) compared to normal retinal cells (control, -), but NMN (CoCl2, +) preserves them (#).

“In summary, we applied the promising NMN therapy to retinal injury in the current study,” said Kurihara and colleagues. “We further found that NMN treatment could protect against oxidative stress-induced retinal cell death.”

NMN May Amend Glaucoma

The results from the study provide the first evidence of NMN’s beneficial effects on eye pressure-induced damage. Although previous research indicates that NMN mitigates the harmful effects of retinal detachment and light-induced retinal damage to the eye, no study to date has examined how NMN affects eyes exposed to high intraocular pressure levels as seen in diseases like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and vascular ischemic retinopathy. This mouse study begs the question of whether NMN provides benefits to humans with high intraocular pressure as seen in glaucoma. This possibility adds further prospects for NMN’s benefits for eye disorders and may negate the need for invasive surgical treatments.

*Special note - This article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace a doctor's treatment diagnosis and advice. It should not be regarded as a recommendation or proof of efficacy of the medical products involved. If it involves disease diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, please be sure to go to a professional medical institution to seek professional advice.

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