At the same time, we should also pay attention to the importance of dietary nutrition, sports nutrition food is more and more favored by people, the market is showing a rapid development trend.
In recent years, as consumers pay more attention to their own health and sports and fitness, people’s enthusiasm for fitness continues to increase, the national fitness strategy has been further implemented, the national fitness public service level has been significantly improved, the national fitness venues and facilities have gradually increased, and the people’s enthusiasm for promoting health through fitness has become increasingly high.
The proportion of people who regularly take part in physical exercise has reached 37.2%, taking new steps towards building a healthy China and a strong sports country.
According to data from Grand View Resarch and Euromonitor, the global sports nutrition food market will reach $16.988 billion in 2020.
In China, the retail sales of sports nutrition food market will reach 3.356 billion yuan in 2020, with an annual growth rate of 25%, much higher than the 11% annual growth rate of the global sports nutrition industry;
It is expected that in the next three years, under the background of market consumption upgrading and the overall promotion of national fitness by the government, the annual growth rate of sports nutrition food will be maintained at more than 24%;
It is expected that by 2024, the Chinese market size will reach 7.3 billion yuan, becoming the world’s third largest sports nutrition market after Europe and the United States.
The concept and classification of sports nutrition food
1. Sports nutrition
Refers to sports people in order to better maintain their health and physique, when supplementing food, should choose energy and their own exercise consumption is relatively equivalent to the food, the supplementary food must meet the scientific, rational, comprehensive requirements.
2. Sports nutrition food
It refers to foods specially processed to meet the physiological and metabolic state, exercise capacity and special needs of certain nutrients of people who participate in physical exercise 3 times a week or more, each duration of 30 minutes or more, and each exercise intensity of medium or more.
The category of sports nutrition food is special dietary food, which is different from “health food” and “ordinary food”. The implementation standard is GB 24154 “General Rules for Sports Nutrition Food of National Standard for Food Safety”.
Therefore, sports nutrition food is a combination of sports science, sports medicine, sports safety, food science and other disciplines.
3. Classification of sports nutrition food
According to GB 24154, according to the different needs of the human body for energy and nutrients, sports nutrition food can be divided into two series, a total of 6 detailed categories.
(1) Classification by characteristic nutrients
Sports nutrition food designed for different needs of energy and protein can be divided into three categories: energy supplement, energy control and protein supplement.
Energy supplement, with carbohydrates as the main component, can quickly or continuously provide energy for sports nutrition food.
Control energy, sports nutrition food that can meet the needs of exercise control weight, including promoting energy consumption and energy replacement.
These foods are generally lower in energy and fat.
Supplement protein, with protein or protein hydrolysate as the main component, can meet the needs of body tissue growth and repair of sports nutrition food.
The use of this kind of food can supplement protein, peptides, amino acids and (or) their derivatives, especially suitable for people who have the need to repair body tissue and grow muscle.
(2) Classified by sport
Sports nutrition food designed for the special needs of different sports events is divided into three categories: speed and strength, endurance and post-exercise recovery.
Speed and strength category, suitable for sprinting, jumping, ball, weightlifting, wrestling, judo, taekwondo, bodybuilding and strength equipment exercises and other people use sports nutrition food.
Characteristic ingredients such as creatine, mainly found in meat foods;
The daily creatine requirement of the human body is about 2 grams, 1 gram is obtained from the diet, and another 1 gram is synthesized in the body;
The main function is to increase muscle, with the effect of increasing explosive power.
Endurance, suitable for middle-distance running, jogging, fast walking, cycling, swimming, rowing, aerobics, dancing, outdoor sports and other people use sports nutrition food.
Characteristic ingredients such as vitamin B1 and vitamin B2.
Post-exercise recovery category, suitable for sports nutrition food used by people recovering from medium, high intensity or long time exercise.
Characteristic components such as peptides, supplement to relieve central nervous system or peripheral body fatigue.
The effect of sports nutrition food
1. Eliminate fatigue and restore physical strength
People will feel tired after a lot of exercise, if they always feel sore muscles after exercise, it means that fatigue has not been fully recovered, which is closely related to the lack of timely and reasonable nutrition supplementation after exercise.
Nutritional supplement measures can not only delay the appearance of fatigue time, reduce the degree of fatigue, but also quickly eliminate fatigue, so that physical recovery quickly.
To promote the recovery of fatigue after exercise, there are three nutritional countermeasures, such as systematic supplement of sugar, timely supplement of protein and supplement of antioxidants.
2. Replenish energy and increase endurance
Before, during and after exercise, adding enough energy can increase energy reserve, prevent and reduce the breakdown of muscle protein during training, delay the occurrence of exercise fatigue, and promote the recovery of fatigue after exercise;
At the same time, after the energy reserve is sufficient, the exercise ability and the ability of the muscles to do work will be greatly improved, thus enhancing the effect of training.
3. Protein supplement
Protein is the cornerstone of muscle composition, but also the basis of muscle growth, for bodybuilding people, at least a daily intake of 1.6-2 grams/kg of body weight above high-quality protein.
4. Promotes fat burning and helps with weight loss
At present, diet and exercise are still the two main means of treating obesity.
Food in the dietary fiber, L-carnitine and other components have a good fat reduction effect.
Sports nutrition food choices
People burn energy and many nutrients when they exercise.
There is a need to supplement, because different populations have different basal metabolic rates, so different targeted supplementation methods are needed.
- Female sports people focus on choosing some sports nutrition food containing iron to meet the needs of supplementing hemoglobin during exercise;
- When male sports people exercise, they need to choose sports nutrition foods that can improve testosterone levels to achieve the effect of improving athletic ability.
- When exercising to lose weight and control weight, it is necessary to choose foods with low fat and energy content.
- When exercising to build muscle strength, you need to choose protein and creatine foods.
The nutritional content of sports nutrition food
The nutrients in sports nutrition foods can usually be divided into the essential nutrients category and the active or functional factors category 2.
Essential nutrients refer to the nutrients or metabolites required by the body, including sugar, protein, fat, etc.
Active or functional factors refer to the active or functional components in animals and plants, which belong to functional nutrients and have potential effects on the improvement of human function, such as caffeine, taurine, sodium bicarbonate, etc.
The common raw ingredients in sports nutrition food include fructose, whey protein, soybean polypeptide, branched-chain amino acid, creatine, glutamine, malt oligosaccharide and so on.
1. polypeptide
In recent years, studies have shown that the active peptides obtained by enzymolysis of many proteins have better functional properties than the original proteins, and the peptides of small molecules are more easily absorbed than proteins or amino acids, which can make the moving body quickly restore and enhance physical strength and reduce the negative balance of skeletal muscle proteins;
2. Branched chain amino acid
The metabolism of branched-chain amino acids is closely related to exercise-induced fatigue. Long-term exercise causes changes in plasma amino acid spectrum and leads to central fatigue.
Supplementation of a certain amount of branched-chain amino acids during exercise can delay the occurrence of fatigue, promote the utilization of amino acids in muscle tissue, save muscle glycogen and reduce muscle decomposition.
3. Plant active substance
Many plant active substances have been found to have anti-exercise fatigue function and can be applied to sports nutrition food.
For example, polysaccharides extracted from ginseng, ganoderma lucidum, cordyceps sinensis and aloe vera have been confirmed to have anti-exercise fatigue activity.
4. taurine
It can maintain the stability of membrane structure and regulate osmotic balance, prevent lipid peroxidation of cell membrane, and is an important cell protective agent.
Taurine can also improve the vitality of the antioxidant enzyme system in the body, thereby enhancing the body’s antioxidant capacity and enhancing the body’s exercise ability.
5. B vitamin
Such as vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin B6. Vitamin B1 is an important component of the coenzyme required for carbohydrate metabolism.
Vitamin B2 is an important component of coenzyme needed for tissue respiration.
Vitamin B6 is a cogroup of many enzymes, involved in the metabolism of amino acids and fats.
The market development trend of sports nutrition food
From 2014 to 2019, the sports nutrition market in the United States grew at a compound annual growth rate of 10.3%, with a market volume of $13 billion in 2019.
Sports nutrition food market is still small, but the development potential is huge.
After the rise of healthy China as a national strategy, China’s public health concept is shifting from “disease” as the center to “health” as the center, and better integrate nutrition into health policies from the perspective of sports and nutrition.
The development and industry development of sports nutrition food can better meet the needs of the major direction of healthy China.
With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people love sports, which also drives the deepening and progress of people’s health concept. The national physique shows the tenacious and vigorous vitality of a country and a nation, and also reflects the comprehensive national strength.
The comprehensive development and scientific utilization of the perfect and sound sports nutrition food industry can better enhance this tenacious vitality. The combination of scientific sports food can make the physical condition of sports people better meet the health standards and improve the effect and strength of training.
